How to Write a College Paper

How to Write a College PaperWriting a college paper can be a great experience if you know what you are doing. But, there are things you should avoid when you are trying to write a paper. Your goal is to write a paper that has enough information in it so it will stand out. Here are some tips to help you write a great essay.First, when you are writing a college paper, try to keep it simple. It is usually easy to get lost in all the theory and details that can make the paper much longer than it needs to be. The more you know about the subject, the better you can write your paper. If you have a lot of different ideas in your head, it makes it harder to just read the paper and let the ideas flow from your mind.Second, when you are writing a college paper, try to keep it short. Be brief. This is the most important rule when writing an essay. Keep the information short and to the point. And, if you do need to add a bit of extra information at the end, make sure you get the details right.Thi rd, when you are writing a journal entry, you do not have as much time as you would in a paper. Keep your sentences shorter and to the point. I know this seems like a no-brainer, but many people forget about this little detail.Fourth, when you are writing a paper, remember that you are writing to impress. So, keep your personal opinions to a minimum. Use your background, but keep them to a minimum. You do not want to bore your professor or your readers with your own personal opinions.Fifth, you must be organized when you are trying to write a college paper. Always put your papers in order and put all your work on one page. Do not put everything in the first page or you will have to go back and do more research. So, put the paper first, then the letter. There is a reason why most college students do this.Writing a college paper does not have to be difficult. All you have to do is write on paper and keep things simple. By doing this, you will be able to write a truly impressive essay for any subject.

The Greek Mythology Of Women - 1820 Words

The Greeks’ most important legacy is not being pioneers in democracy as we would think: it is their mythology. In general, we only know what male writers tell us women thought, because there were little to no women writers. However, the Greeks attributed to women a capacity for understanding that we do not always find in the other great literary traditions such as the Bible . Ancient Greek mythology depicts women as a source of creation of the mythological universe, the creation of multi-gendered immortals, and the knowledgeable and powerful personalities attributed to women in ancient Greek mythology. Many popular Greek plays contain several well-written, complex, female characters. These women were depicted as the role of villain, victim, and even the role of heroine, showing the diversity in which women were seen in both mythology and ancient Greek society. We do not give much credit to the Greeks for their balanced view of women’s abilities. The first reason is that many of the original meanings get lost by translations and retelling1, similar to the game â€Å"Telephone.† Secondly, myths tend to be misunderstood due to the concerns and beliefs of our own society1. But were women fairly represented as powerful in ancient Greek mythology? We often think of women as troublesome, conniving, and all around negative; but I believe their representations in Greek society and myth prove to be misunderstood. Throughout Greek mythology, women are considered subservient, negative andShow MoreRelatedWomen Of Ancient Greek Mythology Essay1535 Words   |  7 Pagesthroughout history. Women were commonly regarded as the subservient gender, an idea that was no different in Ancient Greece. Throughout Greek mythology, women were considered inferior and troublesome symbols, while men were known for courage, leadership, and strength. While there is no argument of the flagrant sexism that is illustrated in Greek mythology, it can also be claimed that women were given a situated position of freedom, necessity, and power as well. Many popular Greek plays and myths containRead MoreThe Role of the Women in Greek Mythology1321 Words   |  6 PagesIn the text Mythology by Edith Hamilton, women are portrayed as being property and objects. During this time women were seen to be not as good as men. They saw perfection in relationships between men and young male adults as the best relationships to have. Ho wever, homosexuality was frowned upon. Men were considered knowledgeable and educated, but women were seen as a burden placed on man by the Gods. When it came to women nothing was valuable about them but their beauty. When a woman was beautifulRead MoreDeception Amongst Women in Greek Mythology Within the writings of Greek mythology women commonly600 Words   |  3 PagesDeception Amongst Women in Greek Mythology Within the writings of Greek mythology women commonly display certain attributes that the Greek society associated with women or femininity back in the day. A common quality demonstrated amongst the women in Greek society, and more specifically in Greek mythology, is deception. Throughout the Greek literature discussed in class, women have commonly showed their deception and trickery in different ways and for numerous different reasons. The Odyssey,Read MoreGreek Goddess And Greek Women874 Words   |  4 PagesThis review attempts to analyze the Greek goddess Athena as well as Greek women whose function in society contrasts with the roles of a goddess. This topic is of relevance to feminist’s who are smashing down barriers on stereotypes of women, this study attempts to shed some light to recognize the roles of Athena and Greek women. Past research has analyzed the differences between Greek women and Athena on how they contrast with responsibilities. What is often ignore d is the complexity of both individualsRead MoreGreek Mythology And Its Impact On Modern Culture1055 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom Greek Mythology and has had a significant impact on our history and mythology helped shed light to it’s culture, religion, and government of ancient Greece. The Mediterranean has served as a vessel for the early civilizations., Greek mythology has influenced the life style and religion of the Greeks, especially because Greek mythology served as the primary basis of Greek belief, it became the nearest thing the Greeks had to a holy bible.1 These mythologies served as the center of Greek lifeRead MoreImportance Of Myths In Greek Myths941 Words   |  4 PagesGreek mythology is the myths and legends that the Greeks built their lives around. Hermes is the goddess of herds, flock, traveller, hospitality roads, trade and laws. He was born in a cave at dawn, and his mother wrapped him in swaddling wraps. Sirens were creatures that had a head of a woman a nd body if bird. Tiresias lived for seven to nine years, and in those years he lived as man and woman. Hermes, Sirens, and Tiresias are important in Greek mythology because they reveal the values of GreekRead MoreThe Amazons Were A Group Of Warrior Women Who Fought Many Of The Great Greek Heroes1596 Words   |  7 Pagesgroup of warrior women who fought many of the great Greek heroes. They consistently went against what was considered the normal female role and led lives like their male counterparts. Unlike some myths in Greek mythology, the myths that involve the Amazons are spread out over time and often have multiple variations of one myth. Myths involving the Amazons even sometimes have versions of the same myth with different Amazon warriors, making it difficult to understand what Amazon women is associated withRead MoreThe Myths Of Ancient Egypt And The Near East1554 Words   |  7 PagesMyths derived from Greece, Egypt and the Near East pose as a reflection of each of the ir respective cultures. The diverse eccentrics from the Greek, Egyptian and Near Eastern myths were all described with characteristics and actions that would reflect their respective cultures. Myths include the mythologies from ancient Egypt, the Near East the Greeks. In Greek culture, a reflection of the quo s of society can be seen in the heroes of their myths. Ian Plant in Myth in the Ancient World 2012 Pg.Read More Equality Between Men and Women in Modern Society vs. Ancient Greek Society625 Words   |  3 PagesIn todays society, women hold a position equal to that of a man. However, this has not always been the case especially in the Ancient Greek society. In the society there were many rules and regulations for all, but in particular the women had it the hardest. Women were seen as insignificant characters in the Ancient Greek society. While the men†¦.women attained the most difficult job of all, bearing children. These women in the society had very little freedom, actually no freedom at all. Can youRead MorePoseidon And Greek Mythology729 Words   |  3 PagesToday, there are many parts of the world associated with the Greek gods/goddesses and Greek mythology. Poseidon is one of the more familiar gods. Most people may not know all t he details of his mythology. Poseidon is the powerful god he is because of his importance to Greek mythology, his family, his traits, and his myths. Poseidon plays an extreme role in Greek mythology. As told, it says, â€Å"He was the Lord and Ruler of the Sea (the Mediterranean) and the Friendly Sea (the Euxine, now the Black

Charles Darwin Naturalist and Leader in Science - 1414 Words

Over the course of this analysis, I will use information from Gardner’s Changing Minds (Gardner, 2006) and Uzzi and Dunlap’s How to Build Your Network (Uzzi, 2005) to assess Charles Darwin’s influence as a non-positional leader. I will also show a historical analysis, including my reasons for choosing Darwin as my subject, his background, the success and failures of his influence, as well as his legacy. Finally, I will submit my vision of non-positional leadership and mechanisms for leaders to explore their non-positional roles. Charles Darwin’s influence uses some of Gardner’s â€Å"levers† or factors that are at work in the case of Darwin’s scientific theories changing minds (Gardner, 2006), and so there is a good level of measure for†¦show more content†¦His initial audience was made up of people with common ground and specialized knowledge, allowing him more leeway to use scientific and research specific terms and information than the general population at that time may have understood. Part of influence in a non-positional role involves the network of individuals you know. Darwin’s ideas would not have spread so quickly, if at all, if Alfred Russell Wallace had not written him. Because of that letter, Lyell and Hooker had their work added to the agenda of the Linnean Society Meeting, and Darwin went forward with publishing On the Origin of Species. Darwin’s relationships weave a tangled picture of the influences of the 1800’s and beyond. (See Figure 1, based on Uzzi Dunlap (Uzzi, 2005) Julian Huxley, grandson of Thomas Henry Huxley, â€Å"proposed that the Darwinian model, which had been relatively neglected by biologists (although popular with social scientists), could now be rescued by linking it with Mendelian genetics.† (Hewlett, 2005) This brought Darwin’s theory of evolution, which had begun to fade in resonance back to the forefront of science, leading us to the legacy of Charles Darwin’s influence. Figure 1: Charles Darwins Network The legacy Charles Darwin left behind is one of continued evolution of thought. His ideas were merged with that of Gregor Mendel’s ideas on genetics and eventually the modern science of DNA toShow MoreRelatedEssay On Villain Or Victim?2223 Words   |  9 PagesPayton Linder Vickery English 101 12 Dec 2014 Darwin: Villain or Victim All through history, especially the past two hundred years, different theories have tried to determine our existence and they continually have changed depending on the group creating it or researching it. The one thing that has changed is the Holy Bible, God’s written word with our complete history in it. Reading it we come to understand our existence and purpose. With that we also become aware of our gift we receive from GodRead MoreSocial Darwinism Is An Ideology Of Society1566 Words   |  7 Pageswould have to turn to the famous man himself, Charles Darwin. At first glance, Charles Darwin seems an unlikely revolutionary. Born in 1809, Charles grew up a shy and unassuming member of a wealthy British family. He appeared, at least to his father, to be lazy and directionless. But even as a child, Darwin expressed an interest in nature. Later in 1831, while studying botany at Cambridge University, he was offered a chance to work as an unpaid naturalist on the HMS Beagle, a naval vessel embarkingRead MoreLord of the Flies by William Golding1866 Words   |  7 Pagesby the boys’ society. Although, he is worldlier than the other boys and knows more science and survival techniques, he does not show physical strength. He shows that he is smart and can be useful. He is the only one with foresight. The other boys are portrayed as being physically fit and are more likely to live and yet Piggy is the only character with asthma and the lesser chance of surviving. This relates to Charles Darwin’s claim on Darwinism. He coined the phrase â€Å"survival of the fittest†, whichRead MoreThe Doctrine Of Scientific Knowledge Essay1112 Words   |  5 Pagesprescribed it to us in every domain of our life. Governments of almost every country were constituted of religious leaders that exercised their authority through god-given right. But in the last 500 years, science began to challenge these religious principles by bringing a new way to look at the world. Sciences evolutes over time with the contribution of some genies like Charles Darwin, Albert Einstein or Isaac Newton. I think that scientific knowledge is superior to any other type of knowledge suchRead More Alfred Tennyson, Charles Darwin, Charles Lyell, and Essay3238 Words   |  13 PagesAlfred Tennyson, Charles Darwin, Charles Lyell, and In Memoriam Alfred Lord Tennyson was born August 6, 1809, at Somersby, Lincolnshire. He was the fourth of twelve children. As a boy he led a very miserable and unhappy life. In 1828 Tennyson entered Trinity college, Cambridge. The most important part of his experience there was his friendship with Arthur Henry Hallam, who was the son of a well known historian. Hallam encouraged and inspired Tennyson to write. Hallam died in 1833. TennysonRead More Allusions to the Brave New World Essays1308 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Anthropologist who founded the science of kinship systems. He was famous for his theory of social evolution, which was the belief that people pass through three stages of development: 1. Savagery, 2. Barbarism, 3. Civilization. The different people in the book were also split up into separate stages, two to be in fact: savagery and civilization. The ‘civilized’ were in the BNW and everyone else was a savage. 7. Trotsky Leon Trotsky (1879-1940) was the leader of the Bolshevik Revolution in RussiaRead MoreEssay on Brave New World-Allusions1337 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Anthropologist who founded the science of kinship systems. He was famous for his theory of social evolution, which was the belief that people pass through three stages of development: 1. Savagery, 2. Barbarism, 3. Civilization. The different people in the book were also split up into separate stages, two to be in fact: savagery and civilization. The ‘civilized were in the BNW and everyone else was a savage. 7. Trotsky Leon Trotsky (1879-1940) was the leader of the Bolshevik Revolution in RussiaRead MoreDr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde: A View Into Societal Changes in the 19th Century1398 Words   |  6 Pages[2] Through the use of these characters and newly founded theoretical ideas of this time; Stevenson reflects the modern â€Å"societal† challenges that were occurring in this century. In Britain during the mid eighteen hundreds, the Conservative Party leader Benjamin Disreali, argued that that traditional aristocratic policy of the privileged caring for those below them, made the Conservatives the natural party of social reform.[3] And subsequently, the Europeans begin to take a more conservative approachRead MoreEssay about Intelligent Design of the Universe2128 Words   |  9 PagesThe search for knowledge about the origin of humanity is as old as its inhabitants. Since the early 1800s mankind has narrowed the debate to creation by a Supreme Being and the theory of evolution. Ever since then, science has been at odds against religion. Now it appears that science is returning to religion. Scientists are finding proof that the universe was created by a Supreme Being. The word evolution refers to the change of something over a period of time(Websters 634). In biology, theRead MoreHuman Genetic Engineering And Eugenics1582 Words   |  7 PagesHuman genetic engineering and eugenics have been a largely controversial topic over the past decades. Eugenics can be popularly defined as the science of improving and enhancing a human population or person through manipulating the human genes, selective breeding, and sterilization. The end goal and desired result of eugenics is to basically create a human race or people with more desirable biological, physical, or psychological traits. Eugenics and genetic modification is a current, pressing subject;

Effects of Culture on Organizations-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Effects of Culture on Different Organisations. Answer: Introduction: Globalisation has resulted in the increase of diversity in the workplace. The sensitivity as well as the cultural awareness in the handling of the multi-cultural workforce is one of the most important managing aspects of the business. Cross cultural sensitivity is the acceptance, knowledge and awareness of other cultures. Cultural sensitivity is the acceptance of the cultures as they exist without any sort of judgemental attitude of any form or in any way. The cultures of any country are inherent aspects of that particular country and prove beneficial for the individuals residing in that particular country. Understanding the varied cultures of the workforce as also of the allies or associates is bound to result in the better communication, productivity and the unity in the workplace. The cross cultural sensitivity as also the awareness among the employees is extremely essential for the handling the multicultural business teams. The cross cultural sensitivity is also critical in the strategy for the global expansion of a particular organisation. The accounting and the advertising departments will need to take the diverse cultures and the sensitivities into account in the countries of expansion. The sales, growth of a company as well as its turnover are affected by any particular wrong decision of a company. It is therefore essential to give adequate thought to any decision before coming to a probable conclusion regarding any particular business decision in case of any organisation (Riivari et al 2012). A broad minded outlook needs to be adopted in case of companies to facilitate their growth and prosperity. It is genuinely required for the current generation professionals to familiarize themselves with the business protocol, the decision making process as also the core values of another culture. It is necessary to read into the cultural sensitivities and lead to appropriate communication across cross cultural workplace scenarios. Culture and its effect on organisations: Culture can be thought to be a malleable component of a particular organisation which can evolve as well as adapt through several concepts or influences to create value. Culture is representative of the beliefs, ideologies, practices, policies as well as principles of a particular organisation. The employees get a sense of direction and the way and nature of their behaviour is also influenced by the culture. Organisational culture is basically a system of shared values, beliefs as well as assumptions governing the way in which people behave in different organisations (Alvesson 2012). The nature of the performance of the people as well as their jobs is also essential factors contributing to the overall organisational culture. In case of large organisations, the existent culture might have a great deal of internal momentum, it has a low probability of being modified or changed. The organisational size as well the strength of its culture contributes hugely to the cultural inertia. There is a strong tendency of powerful organisations to continue their movement in their existing directions. It is the duty of the managers and the authorities to understand the culture as well as manage it effectively such that it becomes positive, ethical and efficient (Cameron and Green 2015). Several factors exist, that affect organisational culture. The most important factor is the individual who works for the organisation. Every individual contributes to the culture of the organisation. The culture of the organisation is reflected by the nature of the employees working there. The mentalities, interests, perceptions inherent in the employees affect the culture of an organisation (Mendenhall 2012). The gender of the employees also influences the organisational culture. Usually in cases where the male employees dominate the workforce, the late working hours or late sitting is a common feature. The nature of female candidates is generally kind as well as soft-hearted, whereas males are usually aggressive by nature. The nature of the business of the organisation also affects the business of the organisation. The industries related to stock broking, the financial services, banking industry are dependent on the external factors, which comprise the demand and supply, the market per share, the earning cap and so on. In the event of market crash, the industries and hence the associated organisations are automatically terminated. The fluctuations in the market lead to tensions within the employee circle and are bound to affect the workplace culture. In many occasions, the individuals are also de-motivated. The individuals are bound to reconsider their career choices in the organisation in such severe situations (Eisenbeiss and Brodbeck 2014). The nature of goals of a particular organisation also contributes to the nature of the culture at the workplace. Usually in case of government organisations, the individuals follow a set pattern and conform to the basic guidelines, it does not depend on the instant feedback or the opinions of the clients. However in case of fast paced industries, for example like event management or advertising, the employees are much more active as well as aggressive (Urbancova 2013). The external parties or the clients also affect the organisational culture as also the work culture. Those organisations which cater to foreign clients have to maintain the shift timings to match their requirements. The management style of handling the employees also affects the culture and the ambience at the workplace. In cases where the employees are allowed to take their own decisions as also participate in the strategy making, have certain significant cultures. In case of organisations where employees are given value as well as importance, they desire to hold on to those companies and start seeing future career prospects with them. In such cases the employees do not work for money but for personal satisfaction. In certain cases the culture is also responsible for an organisations objectives. Different cultures correspond to different levels of effectiveness. Several factors contribute to the organisational efficiency. One of the important factors is that of innovation. Active engagement of the employees in reaching certain goals and objectives is bound to benefit the culture. Involved employees tend to be more committed towards the organisations objectives. Employees can also be asked for input on the basis of which the organisation may take future decisions. The best and most innovative suggestions should be rewarded as well. These contribute to the culture focussing on the objectives as a part of everyones commitments (Wiewiora et al. 2013). Consistency is another important aspect of the culture of a company. Different messages should not be given to the teammates on different days. Only if the culture of shared objectives is consistent the company can reach its desired level. In order to achieve a desired level of success and reach the goals set for the company, the consistency should be maintained. The most important impact or connection to the organisational culture is the connection with the employees. In this aspect it can be said that it is the duty of the organisation to promote a culture where the employees are given value, respect as well as importance. It also needs to be understood that the culture of an organisation directly affects the employee performance. In cases where the employees are valued, they align their objectives as well as goals with the best interests of the company. In case where the culture involves rewarding the employees for their level of work or achievements done, this is bound to lead to job satisfaction. Thus it can be said that the organisational culture impacts the overall performance of the employees of the company. The lesser amount of negative factors ensures that the employees work towards a specific goal and also are satisfied in the process. In situations where the authorities or the mentors lack the characteristics of positivity as well as the capabilities of team motivation, the overall performance and hence the output of the organisation is bound to suffer. The turnover of a company as well as the existence of opportunities of an organisation affects the characteristics of its culture and the nature of the benefits it poses for its employees. Thus it is bound to impact the culture and the nature of the organisation (Reason 2016). How Organisations affect culture and cultural convergence: Cultural convergence is when the cultures across different countries become more or less alike. Primarily the concept of communication is one factor that contributes towards the growth of cultural convergence, for example the communication through a common language (Hislop 2013). With the increasing globalization of companies, the training of individuals as well as developing people across cultural boundaries is increasingly important. It is needless to say that the culture of a country is increasingly important for the nature of communication of the people. Organisations that operate in several companies across the world consist of people speaking in different languages and used to different cultures (French 2015). Cultures belonging to different countries and instances of individuals being sensitive to these cultures results in embarrassments as well as misunderstandings and in many cases even a loss of efficiencies. As an example it can be said that, time is an important factor for the difference of cultures. There are different implications for time and punctuality in different countries. The understanding and sensitivity towards times is different in terms of behaviour as also the orientations (Gentry and Sparks 2012). The roots of cultural differences, in case of the business practices are much deeper. The business cultures in different countries are also variable and the personal understanding and sensitivity also vary. Only the social values or the legal frameworks, public systems or public policies are not the influencing factors of the business culture. There are certain factors which influence the cultural variables in different countries. They differ in the way the social institutions function; the nature of operations of their financial system, the government structures which exist as also their inherent operations. The education systems in different countries focus on different aspects and the facts which are elaborated are bound to be incorporated in the work of the individuals of different nationalities. Individualism as well as entrepreneurship is focussed in case of the capitalist system in America. Other countries focus on the different systems which become inherent in the employees. The legal frameworks as well as the government policies reflect the cultural values of the country. The business practices are influenced by the broader framework for doing the business in the country. The management practices within the company are influenced as well as circumscribed. The interpretation as well as implementation of the laws is also affected. One of the most pervasive impacts on the business culture and the values comes from the broads cultural values belonging to the country. The business is influenced at different levels by all these impacts. As an impact of these cultural values different businesses get positively impacted while others are not so much benefited (Park and Shaw 2013). The cultural values also influence the way in which the business is organised and conducted in the different societies. In case of collective societies, the personal contacts play a major role in the conduction of the business. In case of people who are adaptive, the culture of the organisation does not suffer but in case of people who are unable to adjust it might lead to several problems. The concept of time is an important factor for the convergence of cultures as time specialities or preferences are varied for people belonging to different countries. Different shifts are preferable for different people. This might be based on the time zones to which the people belong and they are dependent on the shifts they are used to working in usually. The concept of ethnocentrism focuses on the evaluation of other cultures based on the existing notions which originate in the standards and the customers of a persons individual culture. It is an important concept in the context of organisational culture. It is quite natural that the concepts of ones individual culture is inherent and is also invisible to ones own self. Ethnocentrism is a concept that helps domestic companies improve their sales as it involves the buying of products that are domestic instead of products from other countries. Culturally similar countries may also benefit from the ethnocentric concept as it involves buying products from the similar countries as well (Rasula, Vuksic and Stemberger 2012). Several problems can be encountered when a country wishes to expand its businesses abroad. It can be used to benefit companies which are domestic but can create huge problems when there is the prospect of entering a foreign market. In case of any particular country, the companies which are not perceived as favourable will face problems while entering into another country. It should be the goal of the companies to maximise the benefits of this concept at the same time minimize its drawbacks. In case of domestic sales the company should focus on the advertising and the promotions. On the other hand, while going abroad, it should focus on the operations under a suitable foreign subsidiary with a different marketing campaign in order to benefit the sales of the company (Garca-Morales, Jimnez-Barrionuevo and Gutirrez-Gutirrez, 2012). Subculture is a total of all the cultures and beliefs which separate the groups within the same broad culture. Subculture may vary due to race, religion as well as socioeconomic status. Subculture might also influence the business priorities as well as the buying patterns of individuals. Subculture, in a way, prevents the overgeneralisation of culture. It is a beneficial aspect in case of the final organisational culture. Various cultural models for effective cultural leadership: Several popular models exist for the effective cultural leadership which focuses on the humane orientation, gender differentiation as well as the uncertainty avoidance. It also focuses on the power distance, intellectual collectivism and also the in group collectivism (Bush 2014). Power distance is the degree to which the lower ranking individuals accept that the power is unequally distributed among the individuals in an organisation (Ashby, Palermo and Power, 2012). Collectivism is the concept that the individuals life is not merely his own but is that of the society of which he is an essential part. The group or the society is the most important unit of moral concern. The in-group collectivism is the extent to which the individuals express the loyalty pride as well as the collectiveness in their organisations of which they are a part (Aycan et al. 2012). Edward T. Halls model: Edward T. Halls model focuses on the high as well as low context cultures which are clearly discussed below. As is shown in the figure, communication is less verbally explicit and emphasis is given on long term relationships in case of the model. The listener also is found to have many more ways of understanding in case of the high context culture. In case of the low context culture, the communication is explicit, the listener does not have much knowledge. Most of the European countries are engaged in the low context culture. Figure 1: Edward T. Halls model GeertE Hofstedes Model: The cultural dimensions theory is a framework for the effective cross-cultural communication which was developed by Geerte Hofstede. The effects of a societys culture on the values of its members are discussed and the values relating to the behaviour. It uses the structure that is derived from the concept of factor analysis. According to this theory, different characteristics, including the uncertainty avoidance index, the masculinity versus femininity concept of role distribution, the comparison of the long term and short term orientation, the indulgence versus the restraint are all discussed. The interactions between the different cultures are studied. The discussion of role distribution between the genders is discussed in case of the masculinity versus the femininity. The connection between the past and the present are discussed in case of the long and short term orientation. Figure 2: Hofstedes model Impact of internet on culture: The advent of new technologies significantly impacts the culture of organisations. It is an important factor in determining the cultural prospects of a business in future. (Porter 2013). Almost every individual of the present young generation is media and internet savvy. It definitely is a blessing to use this particular technological development as an advancement to the culture of the organisations and also in case of their operations. Internet as also the social media is extremely powerful and impacts the culture and also shapes the human behaviour (Kiesler 2014). Everyday lives are influenced by the advent of the internet. Hence it can be said that the businesses of powerful and not so powerful organisations all across the world are impacted by the advent of newer technologies and have made the business operations much more efficient (Lee, Trimi and Kim 2013). Conclusion: Despite the various differences in culture which are existent in the organisations, people need to be tolerant of the varieties in the organisations and also in the individuals as well. Being judgemental is not an option in case of the cross cultural diversities. Several characteristics are essential for the leaders of today including the concept of the cultural sensitivity. Non-judgemental attitude is an essential feature for the proper running of the organisations. It can also be said that the organisations can prosper as a whole only if the team members and the leaders work together as a whole. Concentrating on how the company attributes can be improved needs to be focussed on. The employees need to work together as a team along with the heads and to ensure this the employees need to be satisfied and their needs need to be taken care of. In order to assist the managers for the implementation of the cultural sensitivity, the popular models of the leadership for the cultural convergence need to be followed. The managers need to be sensitive to the needs to the employees of the organisation. It is only when the managers and the employees are motivated and work together as a whole, the company can move towards cultural growth and reach a level of dominance in the global market. References: Alvesson, M., 2012.Understanding organizational culture. Sage. Ashby, S., Palermo, T. and Power, M., 2012. Risk culture in financial organisations: an interim report. Aycan, Z., Schyns, B., Sun, J.M., Felfe, J. and Saher, N., 2013. Convergence and divergence of paternalistic leadership: A cross-cultural investigation of prototypes.Journal of International Business Studies,44(9), pp.962-969. Bush, T., 2014. Instructional and transformational leadership: alternative and complementary models?. Cameron, E. and Green, M., 2015.Making sense of change management: A complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page Publishers. Eisenbeiss, S.A. and Brodbeck, F., 2014. Ethical and unethical leadership: A cross-cultural and cross-sectoral analysis.Journal of Business Ethics,122(2), pp.343-359. French, R., 2015.Cross-cultural management in work organisations. Kogan Page Publishers. Garca-Morales, V.J., Jimnez-Barrionuevo, M.M. and Gutirrez-Gutirrez, L., 2012. Transformational leadership influence on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation.Journal of business research,65(7), pp.1040-1050. Gentry, W.A. and Sparks, T.E., 2012. A convergence/divergence perspective of leadership competencies managers believe are most important for success in organizations: A cross-cultural multilevel analysis of 40 countries.Journal of Business and Psychology,27(1), pp.15-30. Hislop, D., 2013.Knowledge management in organizations: A critical introduction. Oxford University Press. Kiesler, S., 2014.Culture of the Internet. Psychology Press. Lee, S.G., Trimi, S. and Kim, C., 2013. The impact of cultural differences on technology adoption.Journal of World Business,48(1), pp.20-29. Mendenhall, M.E. ed., 2012.Global leadership: Research, practice, and development. Routledge. Park, T.Y. and Shaw, J.D., 2013. Turnover rates and organizational performance: a meta-analysis. Porter, D., 2013.Internet culture. Routledge. Rasula, J., Vuksic, V.B. and Stemberger, M.I., 2012. The impact of knowledge management on organisational performance.Economic and Business Review for Central and South-Eastern Europe,14(2), p.147. Reason, J., 2016.Managing the risks of organizational accidents. Routledge. Riivari, E., Lms, A.M., Kujala, J. and Heiskanen, E., 2012. The ethical culture of organisations and organisational innovativeness.European Journal of Innovation Management,15(3), pp.310-331. Urbancova, H., 2013. Competitive advantage achievement through innovation and knowledge.Journal of Competitiveness,5(1). Wiewiora, A., Trigunarsyah, B., Murphy, G. and Coffey, V., 2013. Organizational culture and willingness to share knowledge: A competing values perspective in Australian context.International Journal of Project Management,31(8), pp.1163-1174.

Presidential Degree free essay sample

One of the major goals of the government is to establish a more enlightened and humane correctional systems that will promote the reformation of offenders and thereby reduce the incidence of recidivism   the confinement of all offenders prisons and other institutions with rehabilitation programs constitutes an onerous drain on the financial resources of the country; and , there is a need to provide a less costly alternative to the imprisonment of offenders who are likely to respond to individualized, community-based treatment programs;, President of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers vested in me by the Constitution, do hereby order and decree the following: Section 1. Title and Scope of the Decree. This Decree shall be known as the Probation Law of 1976. It shall apply to all offenders except those entitled to the benefits under the provisions of Presidential Decree numbered Six Hundred and three and similar laws. Section 2. Purpose. This Decree shall be interpreted so as to: (a) promote the correction and rehabilitation of an offender by providing him with individualized treatment; (b) provide an opportunity for the reformation of a penitent offender which might be less probable if he were to serve a prison sentence; and (c) prevent the commission of offenses. We will write a custom essay sample on Presidential Degree or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Section 3. Meaning of Terms. As used in this Decree, the following shall, unless the context otherwise requires, be construed thus: (a) Probation is a disposition under which a defendant, after conviction and sentence, is released subject to conditions imposed by the court and to the supervision of a probation officer. (b) Probationer means a person placed on probation. c) Probation Officer means one who investigates for the court a referral for probation or supervises a probationer or both. Section 4. Grant of Probation. Subject to the provisions of this Decree, the court may, after it shall have convicted and sentenced a defendant and upon application at any time of said defendant, suspend the execution of said sentence and place the defendant on probation for such period and upon such terms and conditions as it may deem best. Probation may be granted whether the sentence imposes a term of imprisonment or a fine only. An application for probation shall be filed with the trial cour t, with notice to the appellate court if an appeal has been taken from the sentence of conviction. The filing of the application shall be deemed a waver of the right to appeal, or the automatic withdrawal of a pending appeal. An order granting or denying probation shall not be appealable. Section 5. Post-sentence Investigation. No person shall be placed on probation except upon prior investigation by the probation officer and a determination by the court that the ends of justice and the best interest of the public as well as that of the defendant will be served thereby. Section 6. Form of Investigation Report. The investigation report to be submitted by the probation officer under Section 5 hereof shall be in the form prescribed by the Probation Administrator and approved by the Secretary of Justice. Section 7. Period for Submission of Investigation Report. The probation officer shall submit to the court the investigation report on a defendant not later than sixty days from receipt of the order of said court to conduct the investigation. The court shall resolve the petition for probation not later than five days after receipt of said report. Pending submission of the investigation report and the resolution of the petition, the defendant may be allowed on temporary liberty under his bail filed in the criminal case; Provided, That, in case where no bail was filed or that the defendant is incapable of filing one, the court may allow the release of the defendant on recognize the custody of a responsible member of the community who shall guarantee his appearance whenever required by the court. Section 8. Criteria for Placing an Offender on Probation. In determining whether an offender may be placed on probation, the court shall consider all information relative, to the character, antecedents, environment, mental and physical condition of the offender, and available institutional and community resources. Probation shall be denied if the court finds that: (a) the offender is in need of correctional treatment that can be provided most effectively by his commitment to an institution; or (b) there is undue risk that during the period of probation the offender will commit another crime; or (c) probation will depreciate the seriousness of the offense committed. Section 9. Disqualified Offenders. The benefits of this Decree shall not be extended o those: (a) sentenced to serve a maximum term of imprisonment of more than six years; (b) convicted of any offense against the security of the State; (c) who have previously been convicted by final judgment of an offense punished by imprisonment of not less than one month and one day and/or a fi ne of not less than Two Hundred Pesos; (d) who have been once on probation under the provisions of this Decree; and (e) who are already serving sentence at the time the substantive provisions of this Decree became applicable pursuant to Section 33 hereof. Section 10. Conditions of Probation. Every probation order issued by the court shall contain conditions requiring that the probationer shall: (a) present himself to the probation officer designated to undertake his supervision at such place as may be specified in the order within seventy-two hours from receipt of said order; (b) report to the probation officer at least once a month at such time and place as specified by said officer. The court may also require the probationer to: (a) cooperate with a program of supervision; (b) meet his family responsibilities; c) devote himself to a specific employment and not to change said employment without the prior written approval of the probation officer; (d) undergo medical, psychological or psychiatric examination and treatment and enter and remain in a specified institution, when required for that purpose; (e) pursue a prescribed secular study or vocational training; (f) attend or reside in a facility established for instruction, recreation or residence of persons on probatio n; (g) refrain from visiting houses of ill-repute; (h) abstain from drinking intoxicating beverages to excess; (i) permit to probation officer or an authorized social worker to visit his home and place or work; (j) reside at premises approved by it and not to change his residence without its prior written approval; or (k) satisfy any other condition related to the rehabilitation of the defendant and not unduly restrictive of his liberty or incompatible with his freedom of conscience. Section 11. Effectivity of Probation Order. A probation order shall take effect upon its issuance, at which time the court shall inform the offender of the consequences thereof and explain that upon his failure o comply with any of the conditions prescribed in the said order or his commission of another offense, he shall serve the penalty imposed for the offense under which he was placed on probation. Section 12. Modification of Condition of Probation. During the period of probation, the court may, upon application of either the probationer or the probation officer, revise or modify the conditions or period of probation. The court shall notify either the probationer or the probation officer of the filing such an application so as to give both parties an opportunity to be heard thereon. The court shall inform in writing the probation officer and the probationer of any change in the period or conditions of probation. Section 13. Control and Supervision of Probationer. The probationer and his probation program shall be under the control of the court who placed him on probation subject to actual supervision and visitation by a probation officer. Whenever a probationer is permitted to reside in a place under the jurisdiction of another court, control over him shall be transferred to the Executive Judge of the Court of First Instance of that place, and in such a case, a copy of the probation order, the investigation report and other pertinent records shall be furnished said Executive Judge. Thereafter, the Executive Judge to whom jurisdiction over the probationer is transferred shall have the power with respect to him that was previously possessed by the court which granted the probation. Section 14. Period of Probation. a) The period of probation of a defendant sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not more than one year shall not exceed two years, and in all other cases, said period shall not exceed six years. (b) When the sentence imposes a fine o nly and the offender is made to serve subsidiary imprisonment in case of insolvency, the period of probation shall not be less than nor to be more than twice the total number of days of subsidiary imprisonment as computed at the rate established, in Article thirty-nine of the Revised Penal Code, as amended. Section 15. Arrest of Probationer; Subsequent Disposition. At any time during probation, the court may issue a warrant for the arrest of a probationer for violation of any of the conditions of probation. The probationer, once arrested and detained, shall immediately be brought before the court for a hearing, which may be informal and summary, of the violation charged. The defendant may be admitted to bail pending such hearing. In such a case, the provisions regarding release on bail of persons charged with a crime shall be applicable to probationers arrested under this provision. If the violation is established, the court may revoke or continue his probation and modify the conditions thereof. If revoked, the court shall order the probationer to serve the sentence originally imposed. An order revoking the grant of probation or modifying the terms and conditions thereof shall not be appealable. Section 16. Termination of Probation. After the period of probation and upon consideration of the report and recommendation of the probation officer, the court may order the final discharge of the probationer upon finding that he has fulfilled the terms and conditions of his probation and thereupon the case is deemed terminated. The final discharge of the probationer shall operate to restore to him all civil rights lost or suspend as a result of his conviction and to fully discharge his liability for any fine imposed as to the offense for which probation was granted. The probationer and the probation officer shall each be furnished with a copy of such order. Section 17. Confidentiality of Records. The investigation report and the supervision history of a probationer obtained under this Decree shall be privileged and shall not be disclosed directly or indirectly to anyone other than the Probation Administration or the court concerned, except that the court, in its discretion, may permit the probationer of his attorney to inspect the aforementioned documents or parts thereof whenever the best interest of the probationer make such disclosure desirable or helpful: Provided, Further, That, any government office or agency engaged in the correction or rehabilitation of offenders may, if necessary, obtain copies of said documents for its official use from the proper court or the Administration. Section 18. The Probation Administration. There is hereby created under the Department of Justice an agency to be known as the Probation Administration herein referred to as the Administration, which shall exercise general supervision over all probationers. The Administration shall have such staff, operating units and personnel as may be necessary for the proper execution of its functions. Section 19. Probation Administration. The Administration shall be headed by the Probation Administrator, hereinafter referred to as the Administrator, who shall be appointed by the President of the Philippines. He shall hold office during good behavior and shall not be removed except for cause. The Administrator shall receive an annual salary of at least forty thousand pesos. His powers and duties shall be to: (a) act as the executive officer of the Administration; b) exercise supervision and control over all probation officers; (c) make annual reports to the Secretary of Justice, in such form as the latter may prescribe, concerning the op eration, administration and improvement of the probation system; (d) promulgate, subject to the approval of the Secretary of Justice, the necessary rules relative to the methods and procedures of the probation process; (e) recommend to the Secretary of Justice the appointment of the subordinate personnel of his Administration and other offices established in this Decree; and (f) generally, perform such duties and exercise such powers as may be necessary or incidental to achieve the objectives of this Decree. Section 20. Assistant Probation Administrator. There shall be an Assistant Probation Administrator who shall assist the Administrator perform such duties as may be assigned to him by the latter and as may be provided by law. In the absence of the Administrator, he shall act as head of the Administration. He shall be appointed by the President of the Philippines and shall receive an annual salary of at least thirty-six thousand pesos. Section 21. Qualifications of the Administrator and Assistant Probation Administrator. To be eligible for Appointment as Administrator or Assistant Probation Administrator, a person must be at least thirty-five years of age, holder of a masters degree or its equivalent in either criminology, social work, corrections, penology, psychology, sociology, public administration, law, police science, police administration, or related fields, and should have at least five years of supervisory experience, or be a member of the Philippine Bar with at least seven years of supervisory experience. Section 22. Regional Office; Regional Probation Officer. The Administration shall have regional offices organized in accordance with the field service area patterns established under the Integrated Reorganization Plan. Such regional offices shall be headed by a Regional Probation Officer who shall be appointed by President of the Philippines in accordance with the Integrated Reorganization Plan and upon the recommendation of the Secretary of Justice. The Regional Probation Officer shall exercise supervision and control over all probation officer within his jurisdiction and such duties as may assigned to him by the Administrator. He shall have an annual salary of at least twenty-four thousand pesos. He shall, whenever necessary, be assisted by an Assistant Regional Probation Officer who shall also be appointed by the President of the Philippines, upon recommendation of the Secretary of Justice, with an annual salary of at least twenty thousand pesos. Section 23. Provincial and City Probation Officers. There shall be at least one probation officer in each province and city who shall be appointed by the Secretary of Justice upon recommendation of the Administrator and in accordance with civil service law and rules. The Provincial or City Probation Officer shall receive an annual salary of at least eighteen thousand four hundred pesos. His duties shall be to: a) investigate all persons referred to him for investigation by the proper court or the Administrator; (b) instruct all probationers under his supervision of that of the probation aide on the terms and conditions of their probations; (c) keep himself informed of the conduct and condition of probationers under his charge and us e all suitable methods to bring about an improvement in their conduct and conditions; (d) maintain a detailed record of his work and submit such written reports as may be required by the Administration or the court having jurisdiction over the probationer under his supervision; (e) prepare a list of qualified residents of the province or city where he is assigned who are willing to act as probation aides; (f) supervise the training of probation aides and oversee the latters supervision of probationers; (g) exercise supervision and control over all field assistants, probation aides and other personnel; and (h) perform such duties as may be assigned by the court or the Administration. Section 24. Miscellaneous Powers of Provincial and City Probation Officers. Provincial or City Probation Officers shall have the authority within their territorial jurisdiction to administer oaths and acknowledgments and to take depositions in connection with their duties and functions under this Decree. They shall also have, with respect to probationers under their care, the powers of police officer. Section 25. Qualifications of Regional, Assistant Regional, Provincial, and City Probation Officers. No person shall be appointed Regional or Assistant Regional or Provincial or City Probation Officer unless he possesses at least a bachelors degree with a major in social work, sociology, psychology, criminology, penology, corrections, police science, administration, or related fields and has at least three years of experience in work requiring any of the abovementioned disciplines, or is a member of the Philippine Bar with at least three years of supervisory experience. Whenever practicable, the Provincial or City Probation Officer shall be appointed from among qualified residents of the province or city where he will be assigned to work. Section 26. Organization. Within twelve months from the approval of this Decree, the Secretary of Justice shall organize the administrative structure of the Administration and the other agencies created herein. During said period, he shall also determine the staffing patterns of the regional, provincial and city probation offices with the end in view of achieving maximum efficiency and economy in the operations of the probation system. Section 27. Field Assistants, Subordinate Personnel, Provincial or City Probation Officers shall be assisted by such field assistants and subordinate personnel as may be necessary to enable them to carry out their duties effectively. Section 28. Probation Aides. To assist the Provincial or City Probation Officers in the supervision of probationers, the Probation Administrator may appoint citizens of good repute and probity to act as probation aides. Probation Aides shall not receive any regular compensation for services except for reasonable travel allowance. They shall hold office for such period as may be determined by the Probation Administrator. Their qualifications and maximum case loads shall be provided in the rules promulgated pursuant to this Decree. Section 29. Violation of Confidential Nature of Probation Records. The penalty of imprisonment ranging from six months and one day to six years and a fine ranging from hundred to six thousand pesos shall be imposed upon any person who violates Section 17 hereof. Section 30. Appropriations. There is hereby authorized the appropriation of the sum of Six Million Five Hundred Thousand Pesos or so much as may be necessary, out of any funds in the National Treasury not otherwise appropriated, to carry out the purposes of this Decree. Thereafter, the amount of at least Ten Million Five Hundred Thousand Pesos or so much as may be necessary shall be included in the annual appropriations of the national government. Section 31. Repealing Clause. All provisions of existing laws, orders and regulations contrary to or inconsistent with this Decree are hereby repealed or modified accordingly. Section 32. Separability of Provisions. If any part, section or provision of this Decree shall be held invalid or unconstitutional, no other parts, sections or provisions hereof shall be affected thereby. Section 33. Effectivity. This Decree shall take effect upon its approval: Provided, However, That, the application of its substantive provisions concerning the grant of probation shall only take effect twelve months after the certification by the Secretary of Justice to the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court that the administrative structure of the Probation Administration and of the other agencies has been organized.

Biography of Andrew Carnegie, Steel Magnate

Biography of Andrew Carnegie, Steel Magnate Andrew Carnegie (November 25, 1835–August 11, 1919) was a steel magnate, leading industrialist, and philanthropist. With a keen focus on cost-cutting and organization, Carnegie was often regarded as a ruthless robber baron, though he eventually withdrew from business to devote himself to donating money to various philanthropic causes. Fast Facts: Andrew Carnegie Known For:  Carnegie was a preeminent steel magnate and a major philanthropist.Born:  November 25, 1835 in Drumferline, ScotlandParents:  Margaret Morrison Carnegie and William CarnegieDied:  August 11, 1919 in Lenox, MassachusettsEducation: Free School in Dunfermline, night school, and self-taught through Colonel James Andersons libraryPublished Works:  An American Four-in-hand in Britain, Triumphant Democracy, The Gospel of Wealth, The Empire of Business, Autobiography of Andrew CarnegieAwards and Honors:  Honorary Doctor of Laws, University of Glasgow, honorary doctorate, University of Groningen, the Netherlands. The following are all named for Andrew Carnegie: the dinosaur Diplodocus carnegii, the cactus Carnegiea gigantea, the Carnegie Medal children’s literature award, Carnegie Hall in New York City, Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.Spouse(s): Louise WhitfieldChildren: MargaretNotable Quote: â€Å"A library outranks any other one thing a community ca n do to benefit its people. It is a never failing spring in the desert.† Early Life Andrew Carnegie was born at Drumferline, Scotland on November 25, 1835. When Andrew was 13, his family emigrated to America and settled near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. His father had worked as a linen weaver in Scotland and pursued that work in America after first taking a job in a textile factory. Young Andrew worked in the textile factory, replacing bobbins. He then took a job as a telegraph messenger at the age of 14, and within a few years was working as a telegraph operator. He educated himself through his voracious reading, benefitting from the generosity of a local retired merchant, Colonel James Anderson, who opened his small library to working boys. Ambitious at work, Carnegie was promoted to be an assistant to an executive with the Pennsylvania Railroad by the age of 18. During the Civil War, Carnegie, working for the railroad, helped the federal government set up a military telegraph system, which became vital to the war effort. For the duration of the war, he worked for the railroad. Early  Business Success While working in the telegraph business, Carnegie began investing in other businesses. He invested in several small iron companies, a company that made bridges, and a manufacturer of railroad sleeping cars. Taking advantage of oil discoveries in Pennsylvania, Carnegie also invested in a small petroleum company. By the end of the war, Carnegie was prosperous from his investments and began to harbor greater business ambitions. Between 1865 and 1870, he took advantage of the increase in international business following the war. He traveled frequently to England, selling the bonds of American railroads and other businesses. It has been estimated that he became a millionaire from his commissions selling bonds. While in England, he followed the progress of the British steel industry. He learned everything he could about the new Bessemer process, and with that knowledge, he became determined to focus on the steel industry in America. Carnegie had absolute confidence that steel was the product of the future. And his timing was perfect. As America industrialized, putting up factories, new buildings, and bridges, he was perfectly situated to produce and sell the steel the country needed. Carnegie the Steel Magnate In 1870, Carnegie established himself in the steel business. Using his own money, he built a blast furnace. He created a company in 1873 to make steel rails using the Bessemer process. Though the country was in an economic depression for much of the 1870s, Carnegie prospered. A very tough businessman, Carnegie undercut competitors and was able to expand his business to the point where he could dictate prices. He kept reinvesting in his own company, and though he took in minor partners, he never sold stock to the public. He could control every facet of the business, and he did it with a fanatical eye for detail. In the 1880s, Carnegie bought out Henry Clay Frick’s company, which owned coal fields as well as a large steel mill in Homestead, Pennsylvania. Frick and Carnegie became partners. As Carnegie began to spend half of every year at an estate in Scotland, Frick stayed in Pittsburgh, running the day-to-day operations of the company. The Homestead Strike Carnegie began to face a number of problems by the 1890s. Government regulation, which had never been an issue, was being taken more seriously as  reformers actively tried to curtail the excesses of businessmen known as robber barons. The union which represented workers at the Homestead Mill went on strike in 1892. On July 6, 1892, while Carnegie was in Scotland, Pinkerton guards on barges attempted to take over the steel mill at Homestead. The striking workers were prepared for the attack by the Pinkertons, and a bloody confrontation resulted in the death of strikers and Pinkertons. Eventually, an armed militia had to take over the plant. Carnegie was informed by transatlantic cable  of the events in Homestead. But he  made no statement and did not get involved. He would later be criticized for his silence, and he later expressed regrets for his inaction. His opinions on unions, however, never changed. He fought against organized labor and was able to keep unions out of his plants during his lifetime. As the 1890s continued, Carnegie faced competition in business, and he found himself being squeezed by tactics similar to those he had employed years earlier. In 1901, tired of business battles, Carnegie sold his interests in the steel industry to J.P. Morgan, who formed the United States Steel Corporation. Carnegie began to devote himself entirely to giving away his wealth. Carnegie’s Philanthropy Carnegie had already been giving money to create museums, such as the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh. But his philanthropy accelerated after selling Carnegie Steel. Carnegie supported numerous causes, including scientific research, educational institutions, museums, and world peace. He is best known for funding more than 2,500 libraries throughout the English-speaking world, and, perhaps, for building Carnegie Hall, a performance hall that has become a beloved New York City landmark. Death Carnegie died of bronchial pneumonia at his summer home in Lenox, Massachusetts on August 11, 1919. At the time of his death, he had already given away over a large portion of his wealth, more than $350 million. Legacy While Carnegie was not known to be openly hostile to the rights of workers for much of his career, his silence during the notorious and bloody Homestead Steel Strike cast him in a very bad light in labor history. Carnegies philanthropy left a huge mark on the world, including the endowment of many educational institutions and the funding of research and world peace efforts. The library system he helped form is a foundation of American education and democracy. Sources â€Å"Andrew Carnegies Story.†Ã‚  Carnegie Corporation of New York.Carnegie, Andrew. Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie. PublicAffairs, 1919.Carnegie, Andrew. The Gospel of Wealth and Other Timely Essays. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1962.Nasaw, David. Andrew Carnegie. Penguin Group, 2006.

Human resources management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Human resources management - Research Paper Example This also includes the employees’ need for training and development so that they may be able to customize their skills as per the need of McDonald’s. 2. Advancement in technology MacDonald’s needs to train its workforce to not only update them on the latest technologies in the food manufacturing industry, but also inculcate the necessary skills in them to use those technologies in the best interest of the company. 3. Regulatory changes Change at McDonald’s is inevitable. Things have been constantly changing both within McDonald’s and in the external factors influencing McDonald’s since the company has been established. These factors include but are not limited to the laws and regulations, politics, economics, and the lifestyle of people in general. For example, the new laws may oblige McDonald’s to keep the calorie count in the kids’ meal below a certain threshold. In this case, the employees would need to be trained to follow t he alternate menu with low calorie-count. 4. Organizational changes The need to training and develop of the workforce does not only arise from technological reasons. The environmental factors play a prime role in the ability of an organization to achieve the competitive advantage. One such factor is the organizational change. As McDonald’s is an international corporation, and the company feels the need to relocate its workers at different restaurants around the globe, there is a constant change happening in the organizational structure. The employees need to be trained in order to enable them to adjust to the organizational changes immediately without losing their efficiency because of such factors as change of the leader. Q. 3 Part (b) Comparison of the Responsibilities of Human Resource Specialists and Other Managers in the Administration of the Employees’ Compensations Responsibilities of human resource specialists Responsibilities of human resource specialists are: 1. The human resource specialists participate in the development of budget. So they may advise on the increase of compensation of a specific employee considering his/her exceptional performance. 2. The human resource specialists represent the official at the meetings, so they can openly discuss the compensation related issues of the employees in meetings. 3. The human resource specialists conduct interviews of the interested candidates, so they play a decisive role in the establishment of the employee’s salary. Responsibilities of other managers Other managers include but are not limited to the Finance Manager and the General Manager. Responsibilities of other managers are: 1. The responsibility of the Finance Manager is to make sure that all employees are paid on time. 2. Another responsibility of the Finance Manager is to keep a record of all payments made to a certain employee so that the record may be referred to in the hour of need. 3. The responsibility of the General Manager is to provide funds to the company to make the cash flow cycle going so that no compensation issues arise. Q. 4 Part (a) Implementation of Safety Management Program at McDonald’s Six elements that McDonald’